Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2024 Nov;9(11):1052-1064.doi: 10.1016/S2468-1253(24)00231-0. Epub 2024 Sep 20.

Andrea Shin ¹

Author information

¹Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, G. Oppenheimer Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience, Clinical Studies and Database Core, Goodman-Luskin Microbiome Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University College Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Electronic address: asshin@mednet.ucla.edu.

Abstract

Gastroparesis is a disorder of delayed gastric emptying with associated symptoms of postprandial fullness, early satiety, nausea, vomiting, bloating, and abdominal pain. Functional dyspepsia is an upper gastrointestinal disorder of gut-brain interaction that presents with similar symptoms but is defined according to symptom patterns rather than gastric motor dysfunction. Although delayed gastric emptying is a defining feature of gastroparesis, other aspects of gastric neuromuscular dysfunction, such as gastric accommodation and visceral hypersensitivity might contribute to symptoms. Similarly, although functional dyspepsia is not defined by impaired gastric emptying, disordered gastric motility might underlie pathogenesis in some patients with functional dyspepsia. In the last decade, it has been increasingly recognized that these two disorders might represent varying presentations along a common continuum of neuromuscular dysfunction, although with differentiating features with respect to outcomes, diagnosis, and treatments. In this Review, an overview of gastroparesis and functional dyspepsia from the perspective of gastric motility is provided, discussing what is distinct and what is shared between these disorders.