Lancet Child Adolesc Health. 2024 Jan;8(1):63-74.doi: 10.1016/S2352-4642(23)00232-8. Epub 2023 Nov 14.

Marisa Stahl ¹, Sibylle Koletzko ², Carin Andrén Aronsson ³, Katri Lindfors ⁴, Edwin Liu ⁵, Daniel Agardh ³; TEDDY Study Group

Author information

¹Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Digestive Health Institute, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA. Electronic address: marisa.stahl@childrenscolorado.org.

²Department of Pediatrics, Dr von Hauner Kinderspital, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany; Department of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology and Nutrition, School of Medicine Collegium Medicum University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland.

³Unit of Celiac Disease and Diabetes, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.

⁴Celiac Disease Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.

⁵Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Digestive Health Institute, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.

Abstract

Paediatric prospective studies of coeliac disease with longitudinal collection of biological samples and clinical data offer a unique perspective on disease risk. This Review highlights the information now available from international paediatric prospective studies on genetic and environmental risk factors for coeliac disease. In addition, recent omics studies have made it possible to study complex interactions between genetic and environmental factors and thereby further our insight into the causes of the disease. In the future, paediatric prospective studies will be able to provide more detailed risk prediction models combining genes, the environment, and biological corroboration from multiomics. Such studies could also contribute to biomarker development and an improved understanding of disease pathogenesis.